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Anti-fracking campaigners are gathering outside a crucial meeting in Scarborough to voice their opposition to gas plans in the North Yorkshire village of Burniston.

Councillors are due to decide this afternoon whether to grant planning permission to Europa Oil & Gas for its proposal for drilling and lower-volume fracking at the site near the North York Moors National Park.

Europa Oil & Gas has denied that its operations are fracking, describing it as “proppant squeeze”. But it has accepted that it intends to inject fluid at pressures high enough to fracture rocks surrounding the wellbore.

The intended volume, of four stages, each using 500m3, are higher than those used by Cuadrilla at Preston New Road in 2019, which caused earthquakes felt across the Fylde region of Lancashire.

Clare Topham, vice chair of Burniston Parish Council and a member of the local campaign group, Frack Free Coastal Communities, said:

“We, the people of Burniston and Scarborough, are united in our opposition to this threat. We must denounce this for what it is: a money grab in the area we live, it will not benefit us at all. This cannot happen. No matter what the result, this is not going to be the end of the matter. There is a possible judicial review and also the ombudsman case.”

She said campaigners had been “fighting a fracking application with one arm, and pushing our elected body to do their job with the other”.

“Burniston Parish Council voted unanimously against this absurd proposal for fracking. Cloughton Parish Council, Newby and Scalby Town Council, and Scarborough Town Council have all objected very strongly. There are nearly 1700 objections on the planning portal. Our MP Alison Hume is opposed.  Over 10,000 people signed the parliamentary petition. We are all overwhelmingly united in our opposition.

“The meeting being held today should not be happening. We have not been presented with sufficient evidence such as a 3D seismic study. We believe North Yorkshire Council have bypassed strict legislation relating to this application. This application is INCOMPLETE, INACCURATE, and MISLEADING.

“I pity the members of the Strategic Planning Committee. They are reliant on a flawed officers’ report. Only three of them have visited the site to see it is not how the applicant has described it. A description accepted without question in the officer’s report.”

Simon Bowens, of Friends of the Earth, urged members of North Yorkshire’s strategic planning committee to “stand with residents, not developers. Stand with science, not spin, Stand on the right side of history”

He said:

“Today, councillors have a clear choice. They can side with a fossil fuel company that has tried to downplay the risks of its proposal. Or they can listen to the evidence, the science, and the community — and reject this planning application.

“Let’s be absolutely clear about what is being proposed.

“Over the last 18 months, Europa have tried to hoodwink the community into believing that this isn’t really fracking, it’s a proppant squeeze, its been used for decades, its just low volume and therefore nothing to worry about.

“Let’s be clear – injecting fluids underground to force fossil fuels to flow carries real, known risks — no matter what label is used.”

John Atkinson, of Frack Free Scarborough, told campaigners:

“I’m sick to death of hearing the term ‘proppant squeeze’ and other nonsense jargon that allow the government and oil companies to continue fracking.

“Enough of the film flam, the deceit, the trickery and lies the oil and gas industry use to try and persuade us that fracking is harmless.  I would imagine most people here today know exactly what these snake oil salesmen are all about. But if you don’t know – I can tell you in four words:   It’s all about profit.”

Julie Forgan, environmental rep for Unison in York said:

“those is power now think that fracking might not be fracking and might not be dangerous – it’s all lies to protect the profits of the rich at the expense of the planet and our lives on it. I hope you win today. But if you don’t I know you will keep campaigning and I hope we can work in unity with all those that are fighting similar fights to protect the world around them.”

CLARE_TOPHAM_BURNISTON_COUNCIL_LOBBY_SPEECHDownload SIMON_BOWENS_FRIENDS_OF_THE_EARTH_LOBBY_SPEECHDownload JOHN_ATKINSON_FRACK_FREE_SCARBOROUGH_SPEECHDownload JULIE_FORGAN_YORK_UNISON_ENVIRONMENTAL_REP_LOBBY_SPEECHDownload

The decision meeting begins at 1pm. Details here and link to Youtube webcast

All photos in this article by DrillOrDrop

Protein is having a moment with good reason. It is a fundamental building block of life, shaping muscle strength, metabolism, and overall health. Beyond its role in muscle synthesis, proteins give rise to bioactive peptides that are being explored for their potential to influence diverse biological pathways, including those related to satiety and metabolic regulation, such as GLP-1 signaling.

At the same time, how we produce protein has profound implications for the planet. From agricultural systems to processing methods, protein sits at the intersection of human and ecosystem health. I walked into the 2nd Protein Summit expecting to hear talks and panels centered exactly on this. While health and sustainability were certainly key drivers of the conversation, it kept circling back to something more experiential—taste. 

Food enterprises have long understood the power of taste. They have cultivated for it in fields and formulas by sometimes sourcing the most delicious ingredients from regenerative farms and sometimes by optimizing for fat, salt, and sugar in ways that drive overconsumption and contribute to poor health outcomes.

The conversation here felt different. We’re amid a value-based and health-based global protein transition, reshaping what we produce, how we produce it, and how we deliver it at scale for the health of people and planet. Tyler Lorenzen, CEO of Puris, stated it clearly: Taste is the on-ramp to healthier habits. As a former NFL player, a target market for performance nutrition, he deeply understands protein foods for muscle synthesis. Yes, leucine may be the key amino acid for muscle growth, but muscles can’t tell where amino acids come from. People, not muscles, choose foods and they choose for taste. More than 80 percent of Americans are estimated to prioritize taste when making food choices. 

Food enterprises across the protein spectrum from regenerative beef ranchers to fermentation, insect, plant-based, and blue food innovators are converging on this realization: We cannot compromise on taste, convenience, or affordability if we want health and sustainability solutions to scale.

Beneath this transition sits a deeper scientific question: How do we ensure protein quality, and can we make it delicious? For decades, protein has been measured through total protein that we see at the back of a nutrition label. More recently the dialogue has expanded to amino acids and digestibility. Yet these measures do not fully capture protein quality, defined by the diversity and interactions of proteins with the food matrix, human physiology, and the environment, including: biomolecular diversity, including bioactive peptides; food matrix interactions that influence digestion and function; functional properties that shape texture, stability, and nutrient release; bioavailability, digestibility, and metabolism; and biological responses across pathways such as muscle synthesis, inflammation, and gut health.

Critically, proteins shape taste. Peptides contribute to flavor including umami. Interactions within the food matrix determine how flavors are released and perceived over time.

The next frontier of protein is moving from crude measures to high-resolution data that drives desirability in our psyches and mouths, and functionality in our bodies. The Periodic Table of Food Initiative (PTFI) maps food molecular diversity, revealing how protein quality, and more broadly how food quality varies across crops, environments, and production methods.

A recent study led by PTFI Center of Excellence Javeriana University and the Future Seeds gene bank makes this clear across bean varieties. Beans are often treated as uniform protein sources, valued for accessibility, soil-enhancing properties, and low ecological footprint. This study reveals that different bean varieties carry distinct protein and enzyme profiles, and links to metabolic pathways that influence ecological resilience, nutrition, health, and taste.

This points toward a new way forward. There is no single best protein. There is a landscape of protein diversity that meets each of our values, desires, and microbiomes. Within this diversity is the potential to design foods that deliver on function and flavor with precision. And this knowledge must translate into food environments where the most desirable protein choice is healthy, affordable, and culturally relevant.

This is where new AI tools bridge the gap upstream, removing the burden from the consumer. Heritable Agriculture uses AI to design and breed healthier, more resilient crops. PTFI’s Swap It Smart tool led by the American Heart Association in collaboration with UC Davis and funded by a Bezos Earth Fund AI Grand Challenges Award uses AI to optimize meal quality across ecological sustainability, nutrition, health, affordability, and taste. In parallel, advances in sensory modeling, including efforts led by NECTAR, are predicting how molecules translate into flavor. Together, these efforts move us toward shaping desirable food systems grounded in data.

We must start with what we want to experience. We can build food systems where place-based biodiversity is celebrated, protein is understood in its complexity, and where the foods that enable us to thrive are the foods we crave and can access. The future of protein is delicious. 

Articles like the one you just read are made possible through the generosity of Food Tank members. Can we please count on you to be part of our growing movement? Become a member today by clicking here.

Photo courtesy of Shayda Torabi, Unsplash

The post Op-Ed | The Future of Protein Is Delicious and Data-Backed appeared first on Food Tank.

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, pemain beralih dari platform tidak jelas menuju layanan slot resmi. Mereka mencari keamanan data, keadilan permainan, serta kepastian sistem. Operator pun merespons tren ini dengan meningkatkan teknologi dan standar operasional.

Pengalaman Pengguna Jadi Prioritas

Banyak platform slot resmi kini berfokus pada pengalaman pengguna. Mereka mengembangkan antarmuka yang intuitif, responsif di berbagai perangkat, dan mendukung transaksi cepat. Pengguna dapat mengakses permainan melalui smartphone tanpa hambatan berarti.

Selain itu, sistem navigasi dibuat lebih sederhana. Pemain bisa langsung memilih jenis permainan, melihat riwayat transaksi, hingga mengatur batas permainan. Pendekatan ini menunjukkan bahwa operator memahami perilaku digital modern yang menuntut efisiensi.

Sistem RNG dan Transparansi Teknis

Slot resmi menggunakan teknologi Random Number Generator (RNG) untuk memastikan hasil permainan tetap acak dan adil. Sistem ini bekerja secara algoritmik dan telah melewati pengujian dari lembaga independen.

Beberapa platform bahkan mempublikasikan Return to Player (RTP) sebagai bentuk transparansi. RTP memberi gambaran persentase kemenangan dalam jangka panjang. Walau tidak menjamin hasil instan, data ini membantu pemain membuat keputusan yang lebih rasional.

Regulasi dan Legalitas Jadi Pembeda

Keunggulan utama slot resmi terletak pada aspek legalitas. Platform yang beroperasi secara resmi biasanya memiliki lisensi dari otoritas tertentu. Lisensi ini menuntut mereka untuk mengikuti standar keamanan, audit rutin, dan perlindungan pengguna.

Regulasi juga memaksa operator menjaga integritas sistem. Mereka harus menyediakan enkripsi data, metode pembayaran aman, serta mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa. Hal ini menciptakan ekosistem yang lebih sehat dibandingkan layanan ilegal.

Kepercayaan Dibangun dari Konsistensi

Kepercayaan pengguna tidak muncul secara instan. Platform slot resmi harus menjaga konsistensi layanan, mulai dari kecepatan transaksi hingga kualitas dukungan pelanggan. Ketika pengguna merasa aman dan dihargai, loyalitas akan terbentuk secara alami.

Kesimpulan

Slot resmi telah berkembang menjadi bagian dari ekosistem hiburan digital yang lebih terstruktur dan profesional. Dengan dukungan teknologi, regulasi, serta fokus pada pengguna, platform ini menawarkan pengalaman yang lebih aman dan transparan.

Across Ontario, education workers are preparing for a province-wide Day of Action: a day to show that the people who make schools run every single day...

The post Why Ontario education workers are rising for a Day of Action first appeared on Spring.

Radical Democracy: recovering the roots of self-governance & autonomy - Booklet presentation from Indonesia Date and time * Date: April 15th * Time: 11am GMT * Format: Hybrid event Introduction In the face of escalating global crises—climate breakdown, deepening economic inequalities, and the enduring dominance of neoliberal systems—the need to rethink democracy has never been more urgent. alternatives

Irene Vélez Torres is Colombia’s Minister of Environment and Sustainable Development, and Mark Watts is Executive Director of C40 Cities.

The science is unequivocal. The world must transition away from fossil fuels. What remains uncertain is whether our institutions, economies and political systems are prepared to deliver the transformation required at the necessary speed and scale.

For too long, this transition has been framed as a technological substitution challenge. Replace fossil fuels with renewables and the problem is solved. But this view overlooks a deeper reality. Fossil fuels are embedded in economic systems shaped by extraction, inequality, and dependence. Moving beyond them requires structural transformation, not only of energy systems, but of the way economies are organised and governed.

This is both a global and a territorial challenge. And it is precisely at the intersection of national leadership and urban action where the transition becomes real.

Today, the energy system accounts for more than three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions, while fossil fuel expansion continues despite clear scientific warnings. This contradiction reflects entrenched financial and institutional incentives that continue to favour short-term extraction over long-term stability.

Recent global crises have exposed the consequences. Volatility in fossil fuel markets has translated into rising energy costs, fiscal pressure and growing inequality. A system that depends on geopolitical instability cannot guarantee reliable or affordable energy for people. Nor can it sustain resilient economies.

• Apr 23, 2026 News Sixty countries head to Santa Marta to cement coalition for fossil fuel transition After last year’s COP30 disappointment, governments will seek a renewed push to phase out fossil fuels at the first global summit on the theme in Colombia Read more
• Apr 21, 2026 News Fossil fuel crisis offers chance to speed up energy transition, ministers say As climate diplomacy resumes in Berlin, ministers say the Iran war-driven fuel crisis is exposing the risks of fossil dependence Read more

This is why Colombia has argued consistently in international spaces that the transition away from fossil fuels is not only an environmental necessity, but a matter of justice. It requires moving beyond an extractive model toward economies that protect life, redistribute opportunity and recognise the value of territories and communities.

In Colombia, the challenge is immediate. Fossil fuels represent a significant share of exports and public revenues, and entire regions depend on these industries. Addressing this reality demands deliberate strategies to overcome economic dependence, manage fiscal constraints, and enable productive re-conversion without reproducing new forms of extractivism.

But this transformation will not be delivered by national governments alone. Cities are not just implementers of policy. They are strategic actors in reshaping demand, accelerating innovation, and demonstrating that a different model is already possible.

Cities turn climate goals into real-life improvements

Urban areas account for the majority of global energy use and emissions. Yet they are also where the benefits of the transition are most immediate and visible. From expanding clean public transport to reducing air pollution, from improving energy efficiency in buildings to scaling decentralised renewable systems, cities are turning long-term climate goals into tangible improvements in people’s lives.

Across the C40 network, cities are already reducing emissions while strengthening economic resilience. These experiences show that transitioning away from fossil fuels lowers costs, improves public health and creates jobs. They also demonstrate something equally important: that climate action, when designed around people, can rebuild trust in public institutions.

Solar surge kept fossil electricity flat in 2025 as China and India made ‘historic’ shift

The Mayor of London has delivered the world’s largest clean air zone. Melbourne has enabled new wind farms that now supply 100% of municipal operations. In Curitiba, solar investments are cutting public energy bills by 30% while creating inclusive jobs.

Johannesburg’s US$140-million green bond, oversubscribed by 150%, has mobilised strong investment into clean energy and efficiency projects. And in Colombia, Bogotá established a low-emission zone (ZUMA) in a vulnerable neighborhood, improving air quality and public health for nearly 40,000 people.

A solar farm near the Brazilian city of Curitiba (Photo: C40 Cities) A solar farm near the Brazilian city of Curitiba (Photo: C40 Cities)

These actions are part of a shared global effort to halve fossil fuel use in C40 cities by 2030, a goal that is not only achievable but already in motion. Crucially, it also contributes to the global target of tripling renewable energy capacity by the end of the decade, set by nearly 195 countries at COP28.

This is what makes cities indispensable to a just transition. They operate closest to citizens, where energy systems intersect with daily life. They are uniquely positioned to ensure that the transition is not only fast, but fair.

Structural barriers to national and urban action

At the same time, cities cannot act in isolation. Their ability to lead depends on national frameworks that align policy, regulation and investment, as well as on an international system that enables rather than constrains transformation.

And this is where the global dimension becomes critical. Many countries in the Global South face structural barriers, including high borrowing costs, debt burdens and legal frameworks that limit policy space. Reforming the international financial architecture, expanding access to affordable finance, and addressing constraints are essential to unlocking both national and urban climate action.

Recognising this, Colombia and the Netherlands are convening the First Conference on Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels in Santa Marta. This is not a space for abstract commitments. It is a platform for implementation, designed to bring together those ready to move from ambition to action.

To phase out fossil fuels, developing countries need exit route from “debt trap”

Crucially, the conference places cities and subnational governments at the heart of this effort. Alongside national governments, civil society, workers, Indigenous peoples and the private sector, cities will help identify concrete enabling pathways to advance a just, orderly and equitable transition.

These pathways are not theoretical. They focus on three interconnected priorities: transforming energy supply and demand, overcoming economic dependence, and strengthening international cooperation. What cities bring to this agenda is the capacity to operationalise these priorities, translating them into policies that reshape infrastructure, mobility, housing and local economies.

Energy transition means redefining development

The objective is clear. To build a coalition of countries and cities willing to move forward, not by negotiating new principles, but by implementing them. A coalition that reflects a shared understanding that the transition must be grounded in equity, democratic participation and real delivery.

What is at stake goes beyond energy. It is about redefining development in a way that is compatible with climate stability and social justice.

The costs of delay are already evident. Continued investment in fossil fuel expansion deepens climate risk, economic vulnerability and inequality. By contrast, accelerating the transition opens pathways for more resilient, inclusive and sustainable economies.

Cities are already showing what this future looks like. National governments can scale it. International cooperation can enable it.

From Santa Marta, the message is clear. The end of the fossil fuel era is not only necessary. It is already underway. The task now is to ensure that it is just, that it is coordinated, and that it is irreversible.

The post Why the transition beyond fossil fuels depends on cities and collective action appeared first on Climate Home News.

Chris Goldie unpacks the concept of conjuncture, and how theorists from Louis Althusser to Stuart Hall use it to analyse social formations

The post Key words: Conjuncture appeared first on Red Pepper.

The legal block on climate action Channel News Catherine Early 24th April 2026 Teaser Media

Wonnarua elder Scott Franks has welcomed the NSW Government’s decision to list Ravensworth Homestead on the State Heritage Register, saying it is a critical step toward truth-telling and justice for Wonnarua people.

Groups warn the project ignores state law, threatens important Tribal cultural sites and the health of the Delta ecosystem.

For Immediate Release:

April 23, 2026

Contact:
Ashley Castaneda, ashley@restorethedelta.org

Sacramento, CA – A coalition of tribes and environmental advocates expressed sharp criticism following the Delta Stewardship Council’s approval of the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) Certification of Consistency for the proposed Delta Conveyance Project (DCP). The coalition argues that the project violates state law and poses an imminent threat to Delta communities, its ecosystem and cultural heritage.The coalition, consisting of the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians, the Winnemem Wintu Tribe, San Francisco Baykeeper, Center for Biological Diversity, California Sportfishing Protection Alliance, Little Manila Rising, Friends of the River, California Indian Environmental Alliance, Sierra Club California and Restore the Delta, appealed the Certificate of Consistency late last year, citing the project would:

• Irreparably harm Tribal Cultural Resources including cultural sites, burial grounds and traditional use areas – highlighting the lack of any meaningful Tribal consultation
• Intensify environmental harm by increasing diversions from the Delta, reducing protective water flows for threatened fish species and increasing harmful algal blooms
• Worsen environmental injustices, placing disproportionate burdens on Delta residents including low-income, Tribal and Latino communities
• Increase water reliance on the Delta, directly contradicting Delta Plan requirements, and weakening water flow protections

In the decision, the Council did defer back to the DWR two important issues related to the Golden Mussel and Sacramento Sewer’s Water program for further review. Rather than resolving these concerns within the proceeding, the draft decision directs DWR to consider whether additional measures are warranted, but only requires changes where deemed feasible. 

STATEMENTS FROM COALITION MEMBERS:

Malissa Tayaba, Vice Chair, Chingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians:

“Consistency with a plan meant to ensure co-equal goals can only be achieved by projects that treat Delta tribal and environmental water goals as truly equal. The Delta Conveyance Project treats our goals as less equal than the goal of diverting more water out of the Delta. The fact that the Governor’s appointees determined otherwise doesn’t change this fundamental reality. Yet again we are seeing political expediency win out over commitments to a healthy estuary. We will continue fighting against this destructive project.”

Gary Mulcahy, Government Liaison at Winnemem Wintu Tribe:

“The Delta Stewardship Council does not know the legality of what they ruled on because DWR’s documents do not support the consistency of the project for Tribes, environmental justice communities and fisheries. It’s just another giveaway to the Newsom Administration and DWR before the Governor leaves office.

Eric Buescher, Managing Attorney, San Francisco Baykeeper:

“The Delta Stewardship Council’s decision to accept DWR’s Certification of Consistency with the Delta Reform Act contradicts evidence and records provided by the coalition. “The Delta Reform Act was passed to protect, restore, and enhance the ecosystem of the San Francisco Bay-Delta and to preserve the Delta as a place. The Delta Conveyance Project would do the opposite. 

The Stewardship Council’s decision to conclude that this project is consistent with the co-equal goals of the Act is disappointing and inconsistent with the law and the evidence. The Council’s decision ignores the big picture and common sense in favor of a cramped understanding of the statute and of the Delta itself. In doing so, the Council abandons the co-equal goals and abandons the Delta.”

Christie Ralston, Associate Attorney, San Francisco Baykeeper:

“Today, the Delta Stewardship Council ignored clear defects in the Draft Decision on the appeals of the Department of Water Resource’s Certification of Consistency for the Delta Conveyance Project.  It did this in order to ram through the governor’s desire to break ground on the Delta Tunnel as soon as possible regardless of the impacts on Delta wildlife, ecosystems, economies, communities, and Tribes. 

In denying the many appeals the Council received, it has allowed DWR to sweep under the rug the devastating effects the Tunnel could have for years to come. And the breakneck speed at which the Council moved in making its decision robbed the public, appellants, and even the Council members themselves from being able to digest the Decision and meaningfully engage with it. Disappointingly, the Delta Stewardship Council has failed in its role as steward of the Delta.”

Barbara Barrigan-Parrilla, Executive Director at Restore the Delta adds, “Today’s Delta Stewardship Council meeting and vote was farcical. They failed to consider the vast majority of documented records by appellants as they twisted regulations to justify their political actions. Citing incorrectly that the Council followed the law proves that Newsom appointees do not have the backbone to learn and implement the law accurately. We are disappointed but not surprised.”

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This springtime is witness to an ancient idea returning to center stage across the Bay Area, the nation and the globe: redistributive agrarian reform. But what does agrarian reform mean, and why is it so ... Read More

Union nurses applauded the progress of two CNA-sponsored bills out of committee to establish guardrails on the use of A.I. in health care. These bills would protect patient safety and privacy, maintain the integrity of nursing practice, and ensure that technology companies and health care corporations cannot escape accountability amidst the onslaught of untested and unproven A.I. tools.

Since Philadelphia banned single-use plastic bags in 2021, more than 200 million of them have been kept out of the city’s waste stream, streets, and tree branches.

This is huge progress and a clear example of the power of public policy. But the harm of plastics is not limited to our natural environment. We urge Philadelphians to consider how plastics affect our health, too.

When the Clean Air Council was founded in 1967, Americans were fighting smog and rivers so polluted that they caught fire. Those problems have not disappeared, but today we also face less visible dangers. Chemicals used in plastics, including bisphenols and phthalates, have been linked to reproductive harm, metabolic disorders, diabetes, and some cancers.

That growing concern is reflected in the new Netflix documentary The Plastic Detox, which follows couples trying to reduce their exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals while navigating infertility.

The film raises a question that should concern all of us: How can we protect ourselves from harmful plastic-related chemicals when plastic is woven into so much of daily life?

There are steps individuals can take. People can avoid thermal paper receipts, choose natural fibers over synthetic ones, and replace plastic food and drink containers with glass, stainless steel, wood, or ceramic when possible. But individual choices can only go so far.

The burden should not fall on people to “detox” from a system they did not create. Public policy should make healthier choices easier and safer materials more available and affordable.

And we should be honest about how little of our plastic waste is actually recycled: only about 6%. Millions of tons are still sent to landfills, and millions more are burned.

That matters here in Philadelphia, where city officials are negotiating new waste disposal contracts.

Chester residents, along with Clean Air Council and other advocates, are urging the city to stop sending trash to the Reworld incinerator – the nation’s largest. The Stop Trashing Our Air Act, introduced by Councilmember Jamie Gauthier, would prohibit Philadelphia from contracting with companies that burn municipal waste.

If we are serious about reducing the harm of plastics, we cannot act as though disposal is someone else’s problem.

Philadelphia’s plastic bag ban showed that local action works. Now the city and the state should build on that progress by reducing unnecessary plastic use, expanding policies that limit exposure, and making safer alternatives more common once again. Pennsylvania should also stop lagging behind other states on actions to reduce single-use plastics.

Plastic policy is public health policy, we need to treat it that way.

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} #mwac-migrant-summer .mwac-hidden { display: none !important; } @media (max-width: 900px) { #mwac-migrant-summer .mwac-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } #mwac-migrant-summer .mwac-sidebar { order: -1; } } @media (max-width: 760px) { #mwac-migrant-summer .mwac-body-card { padding-left: 16px; padding-right: 16px; } #mwac-migrant-summer .mwac-rsvp-head { padding: 18px 16px 12px; } #mwac-migrant-summer .mwac-rsvp-body { padding: 16px; } #mwac-migrant-summer .mwac-body-card p, #mwac-migrant-summer .mwac-date-meta { font-size: 16px; } } New Brunswick June 21 & June 28, 2026 Father’s Day event + Bike Caravan More details to be announced RSVP below › Toronto / Niagara June 28, 2026 Caravan from Toronto to a Niagara Picnic Rally More details to be announced RSVP below ›

Join migrants, allies, and supporters across Canada from June 21–28 for a Migrant Summer Week of Action. We’re stepping up our action in response to the federal government’s cuts to permanent and temporary residency levels and the passing of Bill C-12, as we build toward our mass day of action with allies in the Migrant Rights Network on September 20, 2026.

When the summer heats up, so do our issues: unpredictable weather and wildfires, unsafe and un-air conditioned housing, stolen wages, lack of work, not enough income to eat or send money home, and mass permit expiries. We’re exhausted and stressed, but we’re getting ready to fight back.

Sign up now to stay connected. You’ll get updates on local actions, digital actions, and ways to get involved during Migrant Summer and beyond.

Digital action matters, too. Can’t attend? Show your solidarity by joining us in taking digital action on social media, or signing and sharing our petitions.

By coming together, we’re showing the federal government and employers that we’re not going to stay silent. Migrants deserve the same rights and protections as everyone else.

As the summer gets hotter, so will our struggle. We can’t keep waiting for change — this year, we will be the change.

Find an action

Search for events near you and RSVP inline.

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The post Migrant Summer: Status Now! first appeared on Migrant Workers Alliance for Change.

The post Migrant Summer: Status Now! appeared first on Migrant Workers Alliance for Change.

The post Advocates urge CA officials to oppose Trump’s Drill Baby Drill’ agenda, stop expediting new oil permits appeared first on Last Chance Alliance.

Terry Tempest Williams, one of our nation’s living literary treasures and a guiding light for many of us regarding ethics and citizenship, shares how she emerged from a dream during the pandemic in 2020 with a renewed vow she had forgotten. In this time of political and climate chaos, as we seek beauty and cohesion wherever we can find its glimmer, Terry focused on “The Glorians,” the overlooked presences—animal, plant, memory, moment—that reveal our shared vulnerability and interconnectedness with the natural world and how they can inspire us to carry forward with grace. “The Glorians are reaching out to us,” she writes,” inviting us to dream a new world into being.”

This talk was delivered at the 2026 Bioneers Conference.

Terry Tempest Williams, a writer, educator, and environmental activist known for her lyrical and impassioned prose, is the author of over twenty creative nonfiction books including the environmental literature classic, Refuge – An Unnatural History of Family and Place, and: The Open Space of Democracy, Finding Beauty in a Broken World, When Women Were Birds, and Erosion – Essays of Undoing. Her most recent book is the The Glorians – Visitations from the Holy Ordinary (spring ’26). A Recipient of Guggenheim and Lannan literary fellowships, Ms. Williams’ work has appeared widely, including in The New York Times, The New Yorker, The Progressive, and Orion, and has been translated worldwide. A member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters, she is currently Writer-in-Residence at the Harvard Divinity School.

Learn more at terrytempestwilliams.com

EXPLORE MORE Terry Tempest Williams: Noticing the Glorians in a Fractured World

In a recent conversation with Bioneers co-founder Nina Simons, Terry Tempest Williams reflects more personally on the inner terrain behind her work — art, activism, spirituality, and the discipline of staying open. She speaks to grief as a form of love, to community as a site of imagination, and to the quiet but radical act of not looking away. As she describes it, “finding beauty in a broken world is creating beauty in the world we find.”

Erosion and Evolution: Our Undoing is Our Becoming

In this podcast episode, Terry Tempest Williams asks: How do we find the strength to not look away at all that is breaking our hearts? Hands on the earth, we remember where the source of our authentic power comes from.

The post Terry Tempest Williams – The Glorians Are Among Us appeared first on Bioneers.

The economic impacts of the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran were felt by Canadians within hours of its launch. Prices for gasoline, diesel, and home heating oil (widely used in Atlantic Canada) shot up very quickly. This is both surprising and infuriating—since those products were produced, refined, and delivered long before the war started. Why do consumers have to pay more, given the war had no impact on the cost of production?

Centre for Future Work director Jim Stanford pursued this question in a commentary originally published in the Toronto Star.

Policy Choices, not Market Forces, Explain Why We’re Getting Soaked at the Pump… Again By Jim Stanford

For beleaguered consumers, it’s déjà vu all over again. War breaks out on the other side of the world. Within 24 hours, gasoline prices take off – rising up to 50 cents a litre on average across Canada since the war started. Natural gas and heating oil prices will follow, along with costs for anything that uses petroleum intensively (like transportation services, food, and construction).

It’ll get worse when the Bank of Canada jumps into the fray with higher interest rates to counteract renewed inflation. Then the victims of oil-fired inflation will be punished again.

We’ve seen this movie before. Sadly, we haven’t learned its lessons.

In February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine – a country that does not produce significant amounts of oil. World oil prices soared 65% in weeks, propelled unduly by speculative bets placed on financialized futures markets.

Prices subsided by the end of the year, after it became clear world oil supply was unaffected by that war (which still drags on). But the damage was done. The 2022 oil spike was the biggest single cause of the resulting inflation that caused such turmoil around the world.

In Canada, that surge in oil prices directly accounted for 43% of post-pandemic inflation, which peaked at 8% four months later. The indirect costs were even bigger: including price hikes on energy-intensive products, subsequent higher interest rates, and job losses as high rates chilled the aggregate economy. I have estimated that the cumulative toll for Canadian consumers from the 2022 oil price surge exceeded $200 billion over three years – a staggering $12,000 per household.

Now prices are soaring again, following U.S.-Israeli attacks and Iranian counter-attacks. Before banging their heads against the nearest brick wall over the prospect of a painful sequel, consumers should pause to ask two fundamental questions. Why must we pay so much more for oil and gas produced, processed, and consumed right here in Canada, with no connection to the Middle East whatsoever? And who benefits from this outcome?

The gasoline stored in pumps right now sells for much more than before the war started. But it was refined weeks ago, from oil extracted months ago. Canada produces far more oil than it consumes; three-quarters of our production is exported. Of the modest volumes imported into eastern Canada, almost none comes through the Persian Gulf.

So there’s no energy ‘supply shock’ in Canada. The cost of producing and refining gasoline hasn’t changed at all. Yet Canadian consumers are already being soaked. And the worst is yet to come.

Petroleum companies profit immensely from this gap between soaring revenues and steady costs. That produced historic petroleum profits after the Ukraine invasion – almost $1 trillion worldwide in 2022 alone. In Canada, after-tax petroleum profits (upstream and downstream) totaled $154 billion from 2022 through 2024, when the inflationary burst finally subsided. That propelled after-tax corporate profits to 21% of Canadian GDP in 2022 (the highest share in history), even as Canadians struggled with affordability.

This new war has roiled real oil supplies (not just futures markets), so the price shock will likely be worse and longer lasting. But it’s not inevitable that we should tolerate the resulting economy-wide inflation and higher interest rates here at home.

Regulation could curtail the speed and extent to which foreign shocks are reflected in domestic prices. Energy prices could be tied to the actual cost of production (like we already do with electricity). And accelerating the transition to hydro, wind, solar, and geothermal (none of which traverse the Straits of Hormuz!) would further protect us.

Of course, petroleum lobbyists complain that insulating Canadian oil prices from global chaos will cause price ‘distortions’. But it’s hard to imagine anything more distortionary than inflicting another pointless cycle of inflation followed by contraction on an entire national economy – one that is blessed with far more energy than it needs.

The oil industry’s preferred solution to everything – build more export pipelines – would clearly make affordability even worse. New LNG projects, in particular, will amplify upward pressure on domestic gas prices, something the Alberta government’s recent provincial budget explicitly celebrated.

Perhaps Canada can’t do much about interminable conflict in the Middle East. But we can certainly do more to protect our own economy from its fallout.

 

 

The post Speculation and Greed Explain the Price of Gasoline, not Supply and Demand appeared first on Centre for Future Work.

Compiled by Jim Stanford

Investments in sustainable energy and energy conservation are larger than investments in fossil fuel energy systems. Moreover, the work involved is more labour-intensive than fossil fuel projects (which have very small labour inputs relative to the scale of capital investments or GDP). For both reasons, the shift from fossil fuels to sustainable alternatives will definitely create far more jobs than are lost in fossil fuel industries as the economy transitions to net-zero.

This is a summary of previous research on the net employment benefits of sustainable energy projects, and other dimensions of the energy transition. It reviews several studies of the employment impacts of renewable energy and related investments in Canada, and then several international reports on parallel trends in the global economy.

Previous Canadian Studies

• In a report for the Pembina Institute, Kaddoura et al. (2020) forecast potential new employment in four areas of emissions-reducing investment in Alberta, over a ten-year period. The report estimated that over 67,000 new jobs would be created in the province over a decade, driven by investments in four broad areas: renewable electricity generation, public transit and electric vehicle infrastructure, energy efficiency improvements in buildings and industry, and a program of remediation and methane reduction in oil and gas extraction facilities. That is enough new employment to offset two-thirds of all jobs in the province’s existing petroleum industry.
• In neighbouring B.C., Lee and Klein (2020) estimated the employment impacts of investing 2% of provincial GDP in renewable energy and energy conservation initiatives (as proposed by Nicholas Stern in his landmark international report, 2006). They projected an investment programme of this scale would create and maintain 42,000 jobs in the provincial economy – far more than are presently supported by fossil fuel industries in that province. Due to the higher labour content of alternative energy and related products, shifting investment from fossil fuel production to renewable energy, energy efficiency, and decarbonized transportation systems generates net employment growth.
• Another provincial-focused study was published by the Ecology Action Centre (2019) for Nova Scotia. This research simulated the employment impacts of a programme to reduce provincial GHG emissions by 50% by 2030, in line with Canada’s Paris Agreement commitments. Investments in renewable energy generation, energy efficiency, and public transit would support the creation of 15,000 net new jobs in Nova Scotia – and thousands more spin-off jobs elsewhere in Canada. The province would benefit from expanded GDP growth, enhanced tax revenue, and $675 million in additional annual personal income (measured in real 2019 dollar terms).
• A project initiated by the David Suzuki Foundation modeled the investment and technological dimensions of an ambitious effort to expand and decarbonize Canada’s electricity system, through the rapid deployment of renewable power sources and conversion of heating, transportation, and industrial energy uses to electric power (Thomas and Green, 2022). The report also estimated the employment effects of this investment programme, which would achieve a net-zero electricity system by 2035. The analysis considered only direct construction and operation jobs associated with economy-wide electrification; it did not include indirect (upstream) or induced (downstream) spin-off jobs (such as jobs in manufacturing activities spurred by electrification), nor jobs in other emerging technologies (such as battery storage). In this regard, the forecast is very conservative. The report expects about 75,000 new jobs related to electricity generation and infrastructure to be created over the first 15 years of investment. Proportionately, the largest job growth is experienced in Alberta and Saskatchewan, where the GDP and employment gains from electrification are especially significant.
• Jobs for Tomorrow (Bridge and Gilbert, 2017), focused on the impacts of the energy transition for employment among building and construction trades. That report catalogued likely investments across three broad categories of emissions-reduction activity: renewable energy generation and transmission; building energy efficiency and district energy systems; and transportation. It then estimated employment impacts of those projects on the basis of previously published employment coefficients. Across those three categories of activity, the report projected that a total of 3.3 million person-years of employment would be created in construction trades by 2050. Two-thirds of that growth was concentrated in non-residential construction (as builders updated existing structures, and built new ones, to incorporate rigorous new energy efficiency standards). Clearly, the massive investments required to facilitate the energy transition in Canada and meet international emissions-reduction commitments imply very strong ongoing demand for construction trades work.
• A sequel to that 2017 report, now titled Jobs for Today, updated those projections of construction jobs arising from major investments in renewable energy systems, energy conservation, and sustainable transportation (Bridge and Stanford, 2025). This report surveyed evidence on the impacts of sustainable energy investments that are already visible on Canadian labour markets. Then it forecast the scale of investment spending that would be required to meet Canada’s official net-zero commitments in three broad areas: the full range of non-emitting energy systems (hydro, solar, wind, geothermal, nuclear, and tidal) and associated transmission investments; investments in energy-efficient buildings and community infrastructure (including new super-efficient industrial, commercial, and institutional buildings, retrofits of existing buildings, and energy-conserving district energy systems), and investments in sustainable transportation systems (including EV charging networks, urban public transit, and high-speed inter-city rail). The application of employment coefficients derived from official economic data and other published data can then translate those investment forecasts into employment projections. These investments are forecast to support the creation of 6.3 million to 9.5 million jobs years of work for construction and building trades workers – equivalent to an average of 235,000 to 350,000 new jobs on average over the next 25 years. The estimates do not include indirect or spin-off jobs in supply chains or associated manufacturing.
• A deeper dive into the impacts of the energy transition for one specific trade – electricians – was undertaken by Electricity Human Resources Canada (2023). This report compiled estimates of new jobs arising from the expansion of renewable energy generation, along with transmission expansion and upgrades. The shift to renewable energy and electrification will accelerate demand for electricians considerably. The report projects net job growth of 12,000 positions in the five years ending in 2028. That is on top of the need to replace over 15,000 anticipated electrician retirements in the same period. There is no doubt that electricians are an occupation with increasing employment opportunities in coming years. The report urged additional investments in training and apprenticeships by employers and governments.
• Another specific construction trade that will experience new job opportunities from the growing focus on energy conservation is insulators. Calvert and Crabtree (2022) and Calvert (2023) relate the experience of Local 131 of the insulators’ union (in New Brunswick), which pro-actively undertook an independent program of free energy audits for owners of commercial and industrial buildings. The goal was to highlight for building owners the operational and cost savings from upgraded insulation and energy conservation upgrades. The campaign was successful and generated significant amounts of new work for members of the union. Other insulator union locals have also launched industry awareness programs to promote energy retrofits, similarly generating new work opportunities for union members (Calvert and Tallon, 2016; Calvert, 2019).
• The positive employment effects of electrification were further explored in a report by the David Suzuki Foundation (Thomas and Green, 2022). This report mapped the investments required to support deep electrification of Canada’s economy, on the strength of massive investments in renewable energy generation, transmission, distribution and storage facilities. To decarbonize existing electricity generation (by 2035, as per existing federal standards), and then meet the extra demand for electricity from the spread of emissions-free technologies in other sectors (such as transportation and heating), an 18-fold increase in total wind and solar generation will be needed by 2050. Some 1.5 million person-years of work will be created in the construction, operation, and maintenance of new wind and solar generating capacity, and associated battery storage. The implications of this ambitious electrification strategy for carbon emissions are hopeful: this plan would reduce emissions by a cumulative total of 3.2 billion tonnes in the period to 2050.
• Clean Energy Canada has published successive reports estimating employment growth in what it calls Canada’s “clean energy economy” (Clean Energy Canada, 2019, 2021; Navius Research, 2019). The research estimated that as of 2020 some 430,000 jobs already existed in a broadly-defined clean energy sector: including renewable energy production and distribution, construction and retrofit of energy efficient buildings, clean energy transportation, and specialized clean energy industries (such as low-carbon machinery, and emission detection and control). That was an increase of over 130,000 jobs (or over one-third) from 2017. And under the climate policy outlook adopted by the federal government, clean energy jobs were forecast to grow by another 200,000 positions by 2030 – outweighing a projected decline in fossil fuel-related employment of 125,000 positions over the same time. Clean Energy Canada’s modeling confirms net gains in employment from the transition to clean energy will be experienced in all parts of Canada, including in fossil fuel-producing provinces.
• A separate report prepared for Clean Energy Canada by Dunsky Energy Consulting (2018) considered the macroeconomic and employment effects from energy efficiency improvements, as mandated in the previous federal-provincial Pan Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change. The Dunsky modeling traces several channels of impact from the energy efficiency provisions of that federal-provincial agreement: including energy efficiency standards in new buildings, retrofits of existing buildings, new energy efficiency standards in appliances and equipment, and industrial energy efficiency. Those efficiency improvements were expected to meet 25% of Canada’s Paris commitments for emissions reduction. The economic stimulus from energy efficiency comes from two major channels: increased demand for efficiency-related goods and services (including building construction and retrofit), and reallocated savings on energy costs by consumers and businesses (which redeploy their energy savings into other forms of expenditure). Those effects more than offset the reduced economic activity associated with energy production resulting from reduced demand for the energy. The jobs impact of the efficiency improvements was estimated at an average net gain in ongoing employment of 118,000 over a 13-year period (to 2030), and a 1% increase in national GDP over the baseline trajectory.
• Xuereb and Hillel (2023) simulated the employment impacts of an ambitious programme of proposed investment in a range of energy transition and conservation initiatives, worth a cumulative total of $287 billion over five years. (The details of this investment programme are described in Lee et al., 2023.) Based on an allocation of investment spending across different components of activity associated with each project category, this research estimated that investments on this scale would support between 187,000 and 226,000 new jobs by the fifth year of the programme. The ‘low’ estimate includes only direct and supply-chain jobs associated with the new investments; the ‘high’ estimate includes downstream jobs in consumer industries, stimulated by the increased incomes (and hence consumer spending) generated in the renewable energy and related industries.
• Researchers at RBC mapped the intersectoral employment transitions and associated skills and training requirements resulting from the shift to a net-zero economy in Canada (Guldimann and Powell, 2022). Like other research, this study projected enormous job-creation potential in clean energy, infrastructure, energy conservation, and related fields. The study forecasts between 235,000 and 400,000 new jobs will be created in occupations whose tasks and qualifications have changed because of the energy transition. That total job-creation would be even larger if Canada stepped up its investments in new energy systems; the report estimates $60 billion per year in incremental capital spending estimated is necessary to meet climate targets. New work in these evolving and emerging occupations will substantially outweigh the gradual decline in employment in traditional fossil fuel energy production and use. RBC expects existing skills shortages for construction, managerial, technical, and manufacturing workers to become even more pressing as the energy transition gathers pace, and these net new jobs are created. The report calls for urgent action by governments, employers, and educators to prepare for the coming surge in demand for skilled workers in fields related to sustainable energy.
• The Centre for Future Work developed a detailed breakdown of the various channels through which employment adjustments can be facilitated during a gradual phase-out of fossil fuel production and use, and corresponding ramp up of renewable energy and energy conservation projects (Stanford, 2021). In this forecast, a gradual phase-out of direct fossil fuel-related employment (estimated at 159,000 jobs across Canada in 2019, or 0.9% of total employment) would be possible over a 20- or 25-year phase-out (consistent with reaching net-zero targets by 2050), with no involuntary layoffs. Much of this transition would be facilitated through retirements, since workers in fossil fuel industries are older than the economy-wide average. New jobs created in renewable energy and other sustainable activities (including amelioration of former fossil fuel production sites) would be important in smoothing the transition. But there are many other pathways through which fossil fuel jobs could also be replaced, including through job-creation in other sectors (such as construction, non-fossil minerals, transportation, and private and public services). Supports for the roughly 4000 non-retiring fossil fuel workers who would need redeployment each year (according to that phase-out timeline) could include income insurance programs, retraining supports, relocation incentives, and small business start-up grants. Successful transition plans in other examples of fossil fuel phase-out (including Germany’s gradual shut-down of black coal mining, or Ontario’s phase-out of coal-fired electricity) prove that gradual, supported transitions of this sort can be accomplished without lay-offs, so long as timelines are long and gradual, and affected workers are supported with a portfolio of adjustment supports.

International Research

All countries are grappling with the economic and labour market issues related to the energy transition, and there is now a large body of international research attesting to the powerful employment-creating effects of major renewable energy and emissions-reduction investments. Here we summarize a few of the more notable international research efforts:

• The International Energy Agency (2021) has developed a detailed global forecast of employment opportunities generated by worldwide investments to meet commitments to net-zero emissions by 2050. These investments will involve trillions of dollars of new capital spending on renewable energy systems, transmission facilities, energy conservation, and related construction work. These investments would create 30 million new jobs globally by 2030: 14 million positions in clean energy systems, and 16 million in construction and retrofit work. That will far more than offset the 5 million jobs expected to disappear from the fossil fuel sector over the same period, as fossil energy is gradually phased out. The IEA forecast does not include new jobs in related manufacturing activity, nor the spillover employment (through upstream supply chains and downstream consumer industries) spurred by these enormous investments.
• Annual research has been published for a decade by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), documenting the steady growth of global employment in renewable energy activities. Its most recent report (2023) tallies 13.7 million renewable energy jobs worldwide in 2022, up 8% from the previous year – and almost double the number 10 years earlier (in IRENA’s first report). Two-thirds of those jobs are in Asia, and over 40% are in China alone (which leads the world in new solar and wind installations). The biggest single sector for renewable energy employment is solar photovoltaic power investments, supporting 4.9 million jobs worldwide in 2022. But the employment benefits of renewable energy are widespread across several other sectors, including wind, hydro, bioenergy, geothermal, and heat pumps. The IRENA tally does not include jobs in energy conservation or upgrading work, nor jobs in manufacturing renewable energy equipment. IRENA’s research highlights especially strong job-creation potential in decentralized projects, such as small-scale hydropower and decentralized solar installations.
• A project to catalogue the global employment benefits from renewable energy and emissions-reduction investments in five case-study countries was undertaken by the United Nations International Development Organization and the Global Green Growth Initiative (2015). This project estimated the macroeconomic and employment effects of an investment programme worth 1.5% of national GDP in Brazil, Germany, Indonesia, South Africa, and South Korea. The investment was divided between renewable energy projects and energy conservation and emissions reduction projects. The employment impacts of these investments considerably outweighed employment declines associated with fossil fuel production. The employment benefits of energy transition investments were greater in developing countries (due to lower wage levels and greater labour-intensity of production methods). Final employment created for each $1 million (U.S.) of investment ranged from 9.5 in Germany to over 100 in Indonesia.
• An especially ambitious modeling exercise was undertaken by Jacobson et al. (2017) to simulate a road-map for steep emission reduction (consistent with limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees C) in 139 countries by 2050. The research first compiled a plan for the scale and composition of investments required to achieve such emissions reduction. It then estimated the combined employment effects of those investments, across all 139 countries included in the project, on the basis of employment coefficients for specific types of investment spending and energy production. It anticipated a total of 52 million new jobs to be created by those investments over the period to 2050, almost double the 27 million jobs expected to disappear from fossil fuel production and use over the same period.
• A team at the University of Massachusetts Amherst has developed a template methodology for estimating the employment gains from green energy investment plans in various U.S. states, and nationally. One recent application of that template is reported by Pollin et al. (2023), describing the estimated employment impacts of three major energy-related initiatives of the Biden administration: the Bipartisan Infrastructure Legislation, the Inflation Reduction Act, and the CHIPS Act (Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors). Applying employment input coefficients across all industries affected by the various measures in that Act, and capturing indirect (supply chain) and induced (consumer spending) effects, the research predicted an average of 2.9 million new jobs over the first five years of the measures. The construction sector alone was expected to add almost one-half million new jobs under the combined effect of the three bills.
• The C40 network of mayors of major global cities (C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, 2021) modeled the employment impacts from a proposed major green investment programme for 96 cities around the world – recognizing that large urban centres face particular challenges and opportunities in transitioning to renewable energy. Their green recovery scenario sees over 50 million net new jobs created in those city regions by 2030, powered by capital investments in renewable energy systems, urban transit, conservation and building retrofits, and other emissions reduction projects. Each $1 million U.S. in green capital spending supports 10 to 21 job-years of new employment – considerably more than conventional carbon-intensive projects and energy systems. The faster the commitment to renewable energy investments, the larger are the job benefits: in an accelerated green investment scenario (which would speed up capital spending by 2 years), some 80 million net new jobs are created in the 96 cities in the same time frame. As a case study, the C40 work also featured a focused analysis of investment and employment opportunities arising from the energy transition in Canada (Berensson et al., 2021). Their analysis forecast up to 1.8 million new person-years of employment in Canada arising between 2020 and 2030 from a major emissions-reduction investment scheme in 12 large cities, including construction, manufacturing, and operating and maintenance roles. Building construction and retrofits accounted for over half of that total.
• A group of researchers (Batinit et al., 2022) conducted simulations of the impacts of investments in a variety of carbon-neutral or carbon-sink projects – ranging from non-emitting power generation to environmental reclamation. Including indirect effects through supply chains, and induced impacts on downstream consumer spending, these projects generated strong multiplier effects, ranging from 1.1 to 1.7. Multiplier effects consistently larger than one indicate that each dollar invested in one of these projects, generates a final magnified impact on total economic output (and hence on employment), larger than the size of the initial investment. In contrast, fossil fuel investment projects have total multiplier effects less than one: ranging from 0.4 to 0.7. Climate-friendly investments thus generate more than twice as much final economic output as fossil fuel projects, per dollar invested.
• Very similar results were generated by another macroeconomic study (Shah and Wu, 2025) comparing investments in both renewable energy and energy efficiency measures, with traditional non-eco-friendly investment projects. In this study, as well, renewable energy and energy efficiency projects generate multiplier effects consistently greater than one in the medium-term, indicating that the final impact on GDP is larger than the amount initially invested. The multiplier impacts were somewhat stronger for energy conservation initiatives (such as building retrofits), ranging up to 1.3, than for renewable energy projects (1.0-1.1). Investments in fossil fuel projects and other non-eco-friendly investments were much lower than one (in the rang of 0.3 in the medium-term), reflecting their low labour intensity.

References

Batini, Nicoletta, Mario Di Serio, Matteo Fragetta, Giovanni Melina, and Anthony Waldron (2022). “Building back better: How big are green spending multipliers?,” Ecological Economics 193, March.

Berensson, Markus, et al. (2021). Canada: The Case for an Urban Green and Just Recovery, Technical Report(London: C40 Cities), https://www.greenpolicyplatform.org/sites/default/files/C40%20Cities%20(2021)%20Canada%20-%20The%20case%20for%20an%20urban%20green%20and%20just%20recovery%20(Technical%20report).pdf.

Bridge, Tyee, and Jim Stanford (2025). Jobs for Today: Canada’s Building Trades and the Net-Zero Transition, Centre for Civic Governance, https://ccg.eco/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Jobs_for_Today_Report.pdf.

C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group (2021), The Case for a Green and Just Recovery (London: C40 Cities), https://c40.my.salesforce.com/sfc/p/#36000001Enhz/a/1Q000000gRCH/24OgSbRwj1hZ305yJbyPMZJQKhXXWNYE8k8sr2ADsi8

Clean Energy Canada (2019). Missing the Bigger Picture (Vancouver: Clean Energy Canada), https://cleanenergycanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Report_TER2019_CleanJobs_20190516_v3_ForWeb_FINAL.pdf.

Clean Energy Canada (2021). The New Reality (Vancouver: Clean Energy Canada), https://cleanenergycanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Report_CEC_CleanJobs2021.pdf.

Dunsky Energy Consulting (2018). The Economic Impact of Improved Energy Efficiency in Canada: Employment and Other Economic Outcomes from the Pan-Canadian Framework’s Energy Efficiency Measures (Montreal: Dunsky Energy Consulting), https://cleanenergycanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TechnicalReport_EnergyEfficiency_20180403_FINAL.pdf.

Ecology Action Centre (2019). Nova Scotia Environmental Goals and Sustainable Prosperity Act:  Economic Costs and Benefits for Proposed Goals (Halifax: Ecology Action Centre), https://ecologyaction.ca/sites/default/files/2022-06/EAC_GP_Climate%20Jobs%20Report_Sept2019_0.pdf

Guldimann, Colin, and Naomi Powell (2022). Green Collar Jobs: The skills revolution Canada needs to reach Net Zero (Toronto: RBC Canada), https://thoughtleadership.rbc.com/green-collar-jobs-the-skills-revolution-canada-needs-to-reach-net-zero/.

International Energy Agency (2021). Net Zero by 2050 (Paris: International Energy Agency), https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/deebef5d-0c34-4539-9d0c-10b13d840027/NetZeroby2050-ARoadmapfortheGlobalEnergySector_CORR.pdf.

International Renewable Energy Agency (2023). Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2023 (Abu Dhabi: IRENA), https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2023/Sep/IRENA_Renewable_energy_and_jobs_2023.pdf.

Jacobson, Mark Z., et al. (2017). “100% Clean and Renewable Wind, Water, and Sunlight All-Sector Energy Roadmaps for 139 Countries of the World,” Joule 1(1), pp. 108-121, Supplementary Tables Available at https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S2542435117300120-mmc1.pdf.

Kaddoura, Saeed, et al. (2020). Alberta’s Emerging Economy: A Blueprint for Job Creation through 2030(Calgary: Pembina Institute), https://www.pembina.org/reports/albertas-emerging-economy.pdf.

Lee, Marc, and Seth Klein (2020). Winding Down BC’s Fossil Fuel Industries: Planning for Climate Justice in a Zero-Carbon Economy (Vancovuer: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives), https://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/BC%20Office/2020/03/ccpa-bc_Winding-Down-BCs-Fossil-Fuel-Industries.pdf.

Lee, Marc, Caroline Brouillette, and Hadrian Mertins-Kirkwood (2023). Spending What it Takes: Transformational Climate Investments for Long-Term Prosperity in Canada (Ottawa: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives), https://policyalternatives.ca/publications/reports/spending-what-it-takes.

Navius Research (2019). Quantifying Canada’s Clean Energy Economy: An Assessment of Clean Energy Investment, Value-Added and Jobs (Vancouver, Navius Research), https://cleanenergycanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/2019-03-13-Clean-Energy-Economy-FINAL-REPORT.pdf.

Shah, Syed Sadaqat Ali, and Kai Wu (2025). “How effective are green spending multipliers? Eco-friendly vs non-eco-friendly spending in OECD economies,” Energy Policy 204, September.

Stanford, Jim (2021). Employment Transitions and the Phase-Out of Fossil Fuels, (Vancouver: Centre for Future Work), 113 pp., https://centreforfuturework.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Employment-Transitions-Report-Final.pdf.

Thomas, Stephen, and Tom Green (2022). Shifting Power: Zero-Emissions Electricity Across Canada by 2035(Vancouver: David Suzuki Foundation), https://davidsuzuki.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Shifting-Power-Zero-Emissions-Across-Canada-By-2035-Report.pdf. 

United Nations International Development Organization and the Global Green Growth Initiative (2015). Global Green Growth: Clean Energy Industry Investments and Expanding Job Opportunities (Vienna: UNIDO), https://gggi.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2015-06-Global-Green-Growth-Clean-Energy-Industrial-Investments-and-Expanding-Job-Opportunities-Overall-findings.pdf.

Xuereb, Slias, and Inez Hillel (2023). Job Creation Through Transformational Climate Investments: Assessing the Impact of Proposed Climate Investments in Canada (Ottawa: Vivic Research), https://vivicresearch.ca/work/employment-impacts-of-spending-what-it-takes

 

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